Landing Weight - lbs. Also says to increase landing distance by 45% (doesn't seem to make sense). Please send us your experiences on your aircraft. Take an early model 414 with -J engines and complete this upgrade to receive a 1600 hour TBO, up from the original 1400. One pilot and typical 6 passengers in main cabin. Seating is spacious and available in a variety of arrangements. The prices range from low-hour models with less than 4,000 hours TTAF, which are selling for just over US$385,000, while older aircraft from the early-1970s will sell for approximately US$150,000. Answer: Pressurization is the creation of a false atmosphere in the cabin of the aircraft in order to allow us to breathe at higher altitudes without pure oxygen. To get at the fuel in the wing locker tanks, it must first be transferred to the mains. The 414A has a single-engine ceiling of 19,850 ft (6,050 m) which is the best among all its peers. text-align: center; Lightly loaded and at economic power settings, expect to get almost 1,300 nautical miles of range. Checking the Cessna 152 POH it says to increase takeoff distance by 15% of ground roll (makes sense due to increased friction). But the average price of a 414A is around $300,000, while the price range is between $200,00 $500,000. Also worth joining is the Cessna Pilots Association (www.cessna.org and 805-934-0493). The pressurized 414 was developed to appeal to owners of unpressurized, twin-engined aircraft, and was based on the fuselage of the Cessna 421 and used the wing design of the Cessna 401. It is a very stable instrument platform and I find it as easy to land as the T310 or any of the large singles Ive flown. We use cookies to help you get the best experience when using our website. Six seats were standard; a seventh was available as an option. It has an exterior length of 11.1 meters, a height of 3.5 meters, and a fuselage diameter of 1.5 meters. Also, a zero-fuel weight of 6515 pounds was published to preclude excessive wing bending loads.The 421s longer nose also was grafted onto the 414A, making space for an extra 410 pounds of baggage and avionics. Controls consisted of on/off/crossfeed valves and a fuel flow computer/indicator was added. Combining spacious cabins and relatively small, efficient engines, the 414 series can carry lots of fuel or a small crowd with their belongings-but not both. Find more About Us here! For example, the 414 may be powered by a standard 310-HP engine, a 325-HP RAM Series IV or a 335-HP RAM VI or VII. }.tdi_115.td-a-rec-img img{ All rights reserved. The system left room for error, not only on the part of the pilot, but among line personnel. - Aircraft specific reviews and articles. m. All data presented is only indicative and should not be used operationally. The deice light on the panel illuminates only very briefly when the pneumatic deicing system is activated and only indicates that theres pressure to the tail boots. Range 568-1,322. In my Cessna 152, a 20-knot headwind increases the glide angle from 5 degrees to 7.5 degrees, a 50-percent increase. Stall mph 82. Cessna Country: United States Manufactured: 1961 to: 1985 ICAO: C185 Price: US$.32 million (2019) Performance Weights Dimensions Avionics: Engine: 1x Continental IO-520-D Piston Power: 300 horsepower Max Cruise Speed: 145 knots 269 Km/h Approach Speed (Vref): 49 knots Travel range: 720 Nautical Miles 1,333 Kilometers Fuel Economy: Service Ceiling: Four different pressurization systems were offered during the run of the 414A, so its essential that the maintenance technician working on a pressurization glitch confirm which system by aircraft serial number. Answer: An aircrafts service ceiling is defined as the height at which the aircraft cannot climb at a rate greater than 100 feet per minute. On a standard day, when loaded to MTOW, it needs 4,000 ft (1,219 m) to hit Vr and then come to a complete stop. Always remember where the wind is coming from and adjust the pattern accordingly. kt, MCS When discussing landing distance, two categories must be considered: Actual landing distance is the distance used in landing and braking to a complete stop (on a dry runway) after crossing the runway threshold at 50 feet; and, Required landing distance is the distance derived by applying a factor to the actual landing distance. The model 414, a 411 derivative introduced in 1970, utilized the 421s fuselage and tail unit with the 401s wings. Gross wt. STANDARD DATA: ( 411) Seats 6-8. Standard usable fuel capacity of early 414s was 100 gallons (50 in each tip tank). Answer: The process of delivering compressed, denser air to a combustion engine is referred to as forced induction. Less powerful, light and low cost model of CESSNA 421 Golden Eagle. The biggest club for owners and operators of a 414A or any large Cessna twin is the Twin Cessna Flyer club. FL So before buying one, you should ensure that there is an AMT with experience on pressurized Cessna twins in your area. The 421s longer nose also was grafted onto the 414A, making space for an extra 410 pounds of baggage and avionics. (See page 25 for an abbreviated AD list. Based on the data collected from the available listings on the market, the average total time of a Cessna 414A is around 6,500 hours. kts, Distance Empty wt. Of note is AD97-26-16 requiring an X-ray inspection of the engine mount beams for fatigue cracking. For the same liability coverage amount, pilots who dont meet the above criteria can expect to pay $1,100-$1,600 per year, and the cost increases to $5,700-$12,000 when hull coverage is brought in. According to Cessna, 4.2-psi cabin pressure differential could be maintained by either engine operating at 60 percent power. It's also a myth. Aerodynamic mods include vortex generators to increase aileron and rudder control authority at low speeds. The maximum takeoff weight went up to 400 pounds to yield a higher useful load. The landing gear is the same as the 414, but the horizontal and vertical stabilizer, elevator and rudder are the same as the 310; minor changes in the 310 tail make it interchangeable with the 340. Most accidents involve weather or overloading. In 1973, an updated 414 was released with major changes, this model was named the 414II. These aircraft arent like the 172s. The gear system of the 414A is easy to maintain, with one spot to watch: When assembling the center bolt on the main landing gear scissors, the correct washers must be installed in the correct sequence or the bolt can pull out, allowing the main gear wheel to turn sideways. An AD issued in 1986 requires cylinders to be pressure-checked for leaks every 50 hours until the engine has amassed 500 hours. One of the most important came in 1973, when cabin length was increased 16 inches and a fifth side window was installed. It is an approval granted to a parts manufacturer to manufacture specific aircraft components. At 11,350 feet, the 414s single-engine service ceiling was a bit below average; but, at 19,850, the 414A is tops in its class. In airplane engines, turbochargers are popularly used to achieve forced induction. Arguably the most popular engine mod youll see on used aircraft is the engine upgrade to 335 hp offered by Ram Aircraft atwww.ramaircraft.com. They dedicated an engineer to my problem and working with my maintenance shop, they developed an approved repair for my wing, possibly saving the ship from the scrap yard! It was developed to bridge the gap between the unpressurized Cessna 401 and the pressurized, more powerful Cessna 421. The pressure of the cabin is usually around 8,000 ft but can be less according to how the system is set up. Answer: FAA refers to the Federal Aviation Administration, and PMA means Parts Manufacturer Approval. Down low, performance is nothing to write home about, but get those superchargers working at altitude, and youll see some decent cruise speeds at acceptable fuel flows. Takeoff distance (50) 2,010. Tip, aux and locker tanks were obviated by a 4.5-foot longer, bonded wing holding 206 gallons of usable fuel in internal bays. (2005, June 14). One of the most important came in 1973, when . The STANDARD DATA: Seats 6-8. Distances Takeoff Distance: 2185 ft Balanced Field Length: 2595 ft Landing Distance: 4000 ft Performance Rate of Climb: 1900 fpm Climb Rate One Engine Inop: 325 fpm Max Speed: 240 kts Normal Cruise: 230 kts Economy Cruise: 210 kts Cost per Hour: $ 522.43 Power Plant Engines: 2 Engine Mfg: Continental Engine Model: TSIOL-550A Power was supplied by two horizontally opposed, six-cylinder, direct-drive, turbocharged, air-cooled, fuel-injected Continental TSIO-520-Js which produced 310 hp (228 kW). Send feedback comments to the EUROCONTROL Training Institute. Single-engine performance at sea level is average; about 240 FPM for the 414 and 290 FPM for the A model. ft/min, TAS Owners speak of the 414s smoothness, stability, and ease with which you can trim the aircraft out. Maximal total range:705 NM / 811 SMCruise speed:203 knots / 234 MPHAverage price:$344,804.81Number of passengers:7 people, Your email address will not be published. Cabin specifications: 04'03" cabin high, 04'07" cabin wide, and 11'03" cabin long. Fuel capacity 102-207. He was a glider pilot for several years before obtaining his private license in taildraggers. Oh, and the aft toilet. And $34,235 for fixed costs such as insurance. There are four options, all of which provide a sizable increase in horsepower, increase the TBO, and newer, more powerful propellers. This can be a great aircraft and a good buy, but only for a pilot who doesnt need lots of payload. Bombardier Challenger 350 Guide and Specs: Is It Up to the Challenge? While bad quality procedures in Wichita back in 1979 had probably caused my problem, the current staff at Cessna really impressed me with their efforts to help save this 27-year-old ship. The fuel economy of the 414A depends on the altitude, conditions, and power setting, but the general specific fuel consumption is approximately 0.44 lbs/hp/hr. They were the last of the pressurized, piston, 400-series airplanes Cessna developed, and pilots and mechanics will tell you that Cessna got it right with the Models 414 and 414A. A pilot in a hurry will see 205 knots on 38 GPH at 75 percent power rich of peak, although few operate that way anymore. ft/min, IAS 16 6,500. A 414A RAM Series VII with Winglets (AW) will compete in many ways with a 421C. To reach a cruising speed of 214 KTAS (246 mph / 396 kmph) 75% power is required, which will cause the 414A to burn around 19 gph (72 lph) per engine. What a difference! That resulted in cruise speeds of only about 180 to 185 KTAS up high. The engine is chock-full of new RAM components such as camshafts, cylinders, crankshaft, piston rods. A 414 appears to be a good choice for anyone who wants a pressurized airplane with a big cabin and lots of baggage space. The 414 does have AD97-26-16 requiring consideration, and those aircraft requiring regular x-ray and ultimate installation of the service kit will necessarily command a lower price. A cabin differential of 5.0 psi allows a 10,000-foot cabin at 26,500 feet. The original 414 aircraft retailed at US$138,000 in 1970. Cited as an excellent IFR platform, youll guess the control forces on the 414 are heavy and stable, yet a great design means only minor trim changes are needed when extending landing gear or flaps. 130 Finding replacement parts for a 414A is not as tough as one would think thanks to its shared parts with the 401 and 421. One of the most important was the switch in 1979 to TSIO-520-NB engines, which have improved crankshafts. ( ft/min, IAS This piston engine is a six-cylinder, horizontally-opposed, direct drive, turbocharge, air-cooled, and fuel-injected type that produces a maximum thrust of 310 horsepower each. In the years following its introduction, the airplane saw few major changes. It is our mission to be the go to leaders in the aviation industry. The Cessna 414 is an incredibly popular pressurized cabin-class twin, with almost 650 registered in the US alone. STANDARD DATA: (T310R) Seats 4-6. It did away with the extremely complicated and troublesome fuel system of the previous generations and replaced it with wet-wing fuel tanks that were 4.50 ft (1.37 m) longer and held 213 gal (968 l) total. Engines two 340-hp turbocharged Continentals. They offer technical help and forums for members to discuss everything and anything about their aircraft. The 1970 to 1972 models are referred to as short-bodied 414s. quantity indicators, both with three-position switches, to help the pilot keep track. Before doing so, however, the pilot has to ensure there are fewer than 20 gallons in each main (tip) tank. The exhaust system sees a great deal of heat and vibration, thus components wear out. ft/min, ROC With GAMIjectors and lean-of-peak operation owners report a reduction of about 3 gph per engine at all power settings as well as cooler operating temperatures. It has an exterior length of 11.1 meters, a height of 3.5 meters, and a fuselage diameter of 1.5 meters. Frequently, a a buyer makes assumptions that arent correct. Theres enough room in the aft cabin, the nose and wing lockers of a 414 to hold 930 pounds of baggage. no data The original 414 was developed out of the fuselage of the Cessna 421 and of the wing of the Cessna 401. Six seats were standard; a seventh was available as an option. Im required to attend an approved school for recurrent training. https://cessnaowner.org/414-chancellor/, estaff. Though its Continental engines could maintain their rated power at higher altitudes, Cessna implemented manifold pressure limitations above 20,000 ft (6,096 m) to prevent excessive engine temperatures. Reaching fever pitch in the 1980s, Cessna had positioned itself well for the demand, offering light twins for almost every conceivable subsection of the market. Common are engine and aerodynamic modifications, including winglets. Gross wt. Four years later, Continental incorporated some changes to the -NBs cylinders, valve lifters and piston pins, and increased the engines recommended TBO from 1400 to 1600 hours. In 1973 Cessna stretched the fuselage by 16 inches and added a fifth side window. Coupled with smaller engines than the 421, you had an economical transport that could carry a couple of passengers and baggage over 1000 miles or six executives to a day meeting two hours away. Developed from the 310, it utilizes a similar landing gear and tail unit. Then in 1976, Cessna upgraded the engines to the newer -N series TSIO-520 offering a higher manifold pressure at 2700rpm, allowing the engines to maintain rated horsepower to 20,000 feet. Its an $800 part.MODS, CLUBSAmong the most popular mods are the RAM Aircraft Corporation engine swaps. The aircraft has a maximum takeoff weight of 3,061 kg and a maximum landing weight of 2,697 kg. kts, ROC Loading must be watched carefully to avoid going out of the rear CG limit. Landing distance (50) 2,393. Maximum takeoff weight was 6350 pounds; max landing, 6200 pounds.In the years following its introduction, the airplane saw few major changes. kts, ROC Landing Distance: 4000 ft; Performance. (See www.ramaircraft.com.). A ramp weight of 6785 pounds was approved to allow for the consumption of six gallons of fuel during start, taxi and runup. Federal Register. Based on 450 hours a year and fuel cost at $5.00 per-gallon, the CESSNA 414A has total variable costs of $233,550.00, total fixed costs of $73,885.00, and hypothetical summary cost of $307,435.00. Compared to its biggest competitors-the 421 and Duke-a 414 provides a more room than the Duke, as much as the 421, travels a little slower, but does so more economically.MAINTENANCEEnsuring that all ADs have been complied with before buying a 414 will take work, because there have been several dozen of them (not counting a flurry of service bulletins), although the rate of issuance slowed down dramatically in the last 10 years.The current concern is with wing spar cracking in high-time airplanes; with a series of ADs calling for inspections and modifications to the spar-compliance is expensive. Empty wt. That year, most limiting and recommended airspeeds were boosted a few knots (except Vmc, which was lowered from 84 to 82 knots), and the -J engines were replaced with TSIO-520-Ns. Retrieved October 5, 2021, from https://www.aopa.org/go-fly/aircraft-and-ownership/aircraft-fact-sheets/cessna-414, Company, S. P. (n.d.). According to Aircraftcostoperator.com, the average total hourly cost of operating a Cessna 414A is roughly $535. by In 1979, the 402s received a new wing, with a 5 feet (1.5 m) greater span. Bringing the grand annual total to $240,785. It is our mission to be the go to leaders in the aviation industry. Cessna 182 vs 185 Compared: Which Is Better? The aircraft has a remarkably high service ceiling of 30,800 ft (9387 m), but the normal operating range of a 414A is between 15,000 ft (4572 m) and FL250 (7,620 m). Four variations are available, all of which offer a boost in useful load, increased TBOs and new props. The top of the line for the 414 is the series VI. Pilots with less experience can expect this range to rise to between 1,100 to 1,600 per year. The variable costs such as maintenance for the airframe, as well as other costs such as landing and parking fees totaling $206,550. Introduced in 1978, the Cessna 414A or more commonly known as the Cessna Chancellor III, is a pressurized, twin-engined aircraft, with retractable landing gear. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Your email address will not be published. no data Already a member? The standard aviation insurance all aircraft owners take is liability coverage, while hull coverage is optional. Data from Jane's All The World's Aircraft 198283[8], Last edited on 27 February 2023, at 22:02, "RAM Altitude Performance Enhancing Winglets", "CENTURION ENGINES - Cessna 340, 414 & 421", "National Transportation Safety Board Aviation Accident Final Report Accident Number: FTW82AA299", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cessna_414&oldid=1141981287, This page was last edited on 27 February 2023, at 22:02. Another point of consideration for a 414 buyer is the SB/AD on the wing spar. The 414A, aka Chancellor, was introduced in model year 1978 with the last built in 1985. Find more About Us here! The owners of Cessna 414As have mixed reviews. The more generic components such as filters, wheels, tires, and brakes are off the shelf and stocked by large aviation suppliers like Aircraft Spruce & Specialty or Wag Aero. Cabin specifications: 0403 cabin high, 0407 cabin wide, and 1103 cabin long. All rights reserved. The Twin Cessna Flyer (www.twincessna.org) is headed by Larry A. The efficiency of the 414As long high-aspect ratio wing is highlighted by noting the 414As single-engine service ceiling is 19,850 feet. Kudos go to Cessna for rising to the occasion. The 414A has an excellent safety record for good reason. ), Please tell us: The Cessna Pilots Association, located at www.cessna.org, and the Twin Cessna Flyer, at www.twincessna.org. With the rise in FAA-PMA approved manufacturers, many have niched down to support a particular aircraft type and finding trim (knots2u, Texas Aeroplastics or AvFab), landing gear components (Robair Repair), or lighting (Whelen Aerospace Technologies or AeroLeds) for your 414 is not hard. The 414 and 414A are popular aircraft with considerable numbers worldwide, and unless some economic or aircraft supply-side variable changes, you can expect your 414 to command a reasonable resale price from someone needing a serious, cabin-class, high-performance twin. I have put in three different heaters over the past several years and changed out all the blower motors, ductwork, fuel pump, fuel pressure regulator, igniter, air flow sensor and thermostat at least once and I still plan for failure in flight. With its bigger nose and lockers, the 414A can carry 1500 pounds. However, the eddy current method did not effectively identify the cracks until it was to the point where a load much lower than the published maximum load can cause catastrophic structural damage. kt, Vat (IAS) A qualified pilot is considered to be one with a PPL license with IFR and MEL ratings, who have 1,500 total hours, 500 MEL hours, and 25 hours on type. Areas to watch on the pressurization system are to make sure the nine drain seals are changed regularly as they deteriorate and become brittle and to regularly check the pressurization ducts off of the heater, forward of the forward pressure bulkhead as they can develop major leaks. The 414 and 414A truly provide a great family or business aircraft. Optional auxiliary and locker tanks were available to boost usable capacity to 180 gallons, then to 203 gallons in 1973.The fuel system in early 414s is complex, especially with wing locker tanks installed and proper fuel management requires attention to detail. Ceiling 26,000. Today, prices range from around $160,000 to over $400,000 for typically-equipped 414s with mid-time engines. Ive previously owned and flown a Seneca and a Mooney, both of which were equipped with weather radar, full deice and Stormscope. Empty wt. With the first flight in 1968 and production in 1970, Cessna manufactured the 414 for 17 years, with almost 1100 shipped. The 414 and 414A share the distinctive silky smooth, control response of the other 400 series Cessnas. The Cessna 411, first delivered in 1965, was one of Wichitas first ventures into the airliner market. 2023 Madavor Media, LLC. Fuel capacity 213-270. kt, Ceiling It is the first GA airplane Ive ever owned or flown that treats passengers as comfort-seeking humans and not adventurous sardines. 6,165: 6,165: SOURCE: Sources. The RAM VII changed all that. There are several problems that the 414A has. The piping which directs the exhaust from the manifold to the turbo is also susceptible to cracking. I own a 1978 Cessna 414A which I acquired in 1989. Range 1,284. You Tell Us, EAA To Host Webinar Event For Aspiring Aviators, National Museum Of The U.S. Air Force Celebrates 100 Years, FAA IACRA System Hit With Database Issues, FAA Nominee Quizzed On Aviation Knowledge, General Aviation Accident Bulletin, February 27, 2023, Pratt & Whitney Canada Passes One Billion Flight-Hour Milestone, AeroLEDs Introduces New Landing Light Series, Universal Avionics Receives TSO Approval For Aperture, MyGoFlights Head-Up Display Division Sold To Partner, AeroBrigham. Top mentions include the true cabin class, reasonable cruise speed, and maintenance of sea-level pressure to 10,000 feet. This AD has a compliance time of 400 to 800 total time. 3,467. Ram also claims youll see an extra 5 takeoff manifold pressure, a 1900 fpm climb, 13 knots extra cruise speed, and a 415lb increase in useful load. Even with the company is getting its feet wet in piston products again, there are no immediate plans to make any cabin-class piston twins to replace those being retired. The switch for that light is on the underside of a Tee fitting in the pressure line to the tail and thus fills with water, rust and crud and should be pulled and cleaned periodically, or it will fail. Replacing the cylinder heads requires money and time, which will increase your engine overhaul costs by $6,000 bringing your grand total to $39,000. The system left room for error, not only on the part of the pilot, but among line personnel. I sell 25 Twin Cessnas a year, which usually includes six to eight 414s and 414As. } There are several good training programs available to help keep 414 pilots in top form, something we feel to be quite important as, while the accident rate is low, the accidents seem primarily to occur on amateur flown airplanes and involve judgment errors on the part of the pilot rather than anything wrong with the airplane.HISTORYCessna borrowed components from existing 400-series airplanes to come out in 1970 with a model to bridge the price gap between unpressurized and pressurized twins. The 1970 to 77 Cessna 414 is often referred to as a straight 414, straight meaning no suffix A and not meaning a straight wing. According to Hangar 67, a very high-time 1979 model year 414A was recently sold at $129,900, which is the lowest price we have found. Cessna 414 Stock Airplane vs. RAM Series IV; Primary Specifications Cessna 414 RAM 325 hp Series IV; Engine Model: Continental - TSIO-520-J-NB: Horsepower: 310: 325: .