intramuscular injection sites in dogs and cats intramuscular injection sites in dogs and cats

Newborn animals are passively protected by maternal antibodies and, in general, cannot be vaccinated until maternal immunity has waned. Intramuscular injections in dogs can be performed on the quadriceps, lumbodorsal, or triceps muscle. In contrast, material injected into the lumbar area and cranial region of the thigh was located entirely in the muscle bellies. Then thoroughly wash your finger with soap and water for 5 minutes, preferably using a soft nail brush on the affected area. 0000013765 00000 n You should also know what to do if the shot goes wrong. the triceps muscle (behind the humerus (arm bone) in the front leg). When it comes to administering medications to dogs, where is the best site for an IM injection? Now, How many lbs is 39 kg? Open the Facebook app on your device and tap the menu button. Your email address will not be published. Hold the syringe firmly in your dominant hand in whichever way feels most comfortable for you. Putting Skills Together as it Matters in Clinical Practice, 5. Cystocentesis Practice Model and FNA Model, 19. To give the injection, create a small pocket of skin behind your dogs shoulders. The vet may also be able to mimic the injection. Set up your myVCA account today. Prime-boosting has been most widely investigated in attempts to improve the effectiveness of DNA plasmid vaccines. These intramuscular injections are usually on the neck, chest, glute, or hind leg, though it may differ depending on the animal, there are fewer pain receptors is muscle tissues making it an ideal site for more irritating or viscous medications. Your veterinary practice may be able to order large boxes of these for you, which is more economical than buying from a pharmacy, etc. IM injections can be much more painful than subcutaneous injections, so proper technique is key to minimizing pain. Use to remove results with certain terms 0000001301 00000 n Syringe Handling 1 ml and Practice Technique Using 2 Pieces of Tape, 9. First cap the needle and syringe carefully and put it out of harms way. A positive action for insertion of needles into muscles reduces muscle damage and pain and massaging the site after injection disperses the injection and may help to reduce pain. Modified live vaccines, however, may induce a protective primary immune response and some immunologic memory. If the injections are frequent, like for insulin shots, try not to use the same spot each time. In addition to respiratory signs, decreased egg production and egg quality are common, and nephritis read more and Newcastle disease Newcastle Disease in Poultry Newcastle disease is an infection of domestic poultry and other bird species with virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV). In feedlot cattle, the respiratory form is most common. The needle may bend, but it is much more likely that the injection may end up outside the pet rather than inside when dealing with a wiggly pet. Be sure not to place your hand or finger over the plunger of the needle in case your dog suddenly moves and pushes your hand, resulting in the contents being wasted or injected accidentally. Then, you can give the best shot possible! You should use a clean, straight movement when inserting the needle, and never push too deep. A dogs vaccines are usually administered using a subcutaneous injection. It is now common practice to rate vaccines according to their importance. Under some circumstances this may result in significantly improved vaccine effectiveness. INTRAMUSCULAR . 0000014104 00000 n Most dogs do not seem to mind routine injections. Injections in dogs are usually administered via intramuscular (IM) or subcutaneous (IM) route. An alternative site and technique are suggested to ensure a more reliable effect when an intramuscular injection is indicated. The vast majority of equine vaccines are administered by intramuscular (IM) injection, and a few are administered . The viral infection alone is not life-threatening but predisposes read more , and Mannheimia haemolytica. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA(known as MSD outside of the US and Canada) is dedicated to using the power of leading-edge science to save and improve lives around the world. A veterinarian will use the most appropriate site for your dogs IM injection. How to Add or Remove Contacts from Kids Messenger Account ; Step #1. If some may have been received, the safest course of action is to give no more. Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. An intravenous injection (IV injection), into a vein, provides the fastest method of drug distribution. Some clients find it easier to give the injection during mealtime, as it minimizes movement. The standard size needles to use for canine injections are 21 to 23-gauge needle, 1 to 1.5 inches long. Most commonly used in cats but also acceptable for small dogs (the volume is fairly large for IM injection in medium-large dogs) Quick tip: The combination is generally dosed as approximately 0.1-0.2 mL per 4.5 kg (10lb) patient body weight of each drug. You can do this by feeling along the injection site, as well as along the belly below the site of injection, as fluids tend to pool along the cat's underside. You should be especially careful about choosing the right syringe size for intramuscular injections. Local adverse vaccine reactions include pain at the injection site, hair loss or change in hair color at the injection site, and swellings. Others can be injected into a vein (intravenous, or IV injection) or into a muscle (intramuscular, or IM injection). Use for phrases ALWAYS look it up! This is despite Alfaxan Multidose not currently being licenced in the UK for intramuscular (IM) use. 0000009951 00000 n Before injecting your pet with medication, youll want to clean the injection site and the bottle well. This approach is excellent for relatively small numbers of animals and for diseases in which systemic immunity is important. The first step is to prepare the skin. It has long been standard practice to use exactly the same vaccine for boosting an immune response as was used when first priming an animal. Massaging the area prior to the injection helps disperse the medication and minimizes pain. hb``Pe``b Y80() B1g=U#"&!acc>5 Patient prep LAB- Clip, Scrub, Open Glove, Quarter Drape, 27. The used needles and syringes should then be carefully stored in a sealed container or sharps box and returned to the veterinary practice for safe disposal. If you inject the injection intramuscularly to the dog as veterinarians do, you need to draw an imaginary line from the elbow to the place that you chose to insert the needle. What are the contraindications for this medication? Veterinarians can provide vital medical assistance for pets, but much of the care will still be left to the owner. Affiliate of Mars Inc. 2023 | Copyright VCA Animal Hospitals all rights reserved. Animal Welfare Education Tool to Create Syllabus for Animal Welfare Course (AVMA), 34. Please confirm that you are a health care professional. The needle is not inserted right, and sometimes we miss the spot entirely. The legacy of this great resource continues as the Merck Veterinary Manual in the US and Canada and the MSD Vet Manual outside of North America. In feedlot cattle, the respiratory form is most common. These intramuscular injections are usually on the neck, chest, glute, or hind leg, though it may differ depending on the animal, there are fewer pain receptors is muscle tissues making it an ideal site for more irritating or viscous medications. Types of Injections Subcutaneous Injections for Dogs and Cats; You should consult your veterinarian before administering an injection, as the depth and needle length will differ from animal to animal. 5 0 obj <> endobj Good technique minimizes this but even so, many animals will react to the injection. When administering an intramuscular injection to your dog, its essential to have a good technique. Skin should be swabbed with alcohol. Owners should be made aware that protection can be maintained reliably only when vaccines are used in accordance with the protocol approved by vaccine licensing authorities. Depending on the vaccination, youll need a combination of powder and liquid. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. All Rights Reserved. Looking for a convenient way to access your pets health records, refill prescriptions, view upcoming appointments and more? Risks and complications Intramuscular injections may also cause an abscess or gangrene at the injection site, depending on the specific medication and amount administered. Clean techniques should always be used when administering injections. Also see pet health content regarding vaccines and immunotherapy in animals Vaccines and Immunotherapy The immune system protects the body against foreign invaders such as bacteria and other microorganisms that can cause disease. Dog and cat Fitting a Muzzle (PDF, 959kB) Restraining a Cat for Blood Sampling (PDF, 614kB) Using a Slip Lead (PDF, 1,060kB) Making a Skin Tent for a Subcutaneous Injection (PDF, 703kB) Administering Subcutaneous Injections (PDF, 628kB) Canine Prostate Examination (PDF, 788kB) Lifting and Restraining a Dog (PDF, 1,264kB) Allergies: Atopic Dermatitis (Airborne) in Dogs and Cats. The dosage is 2 mg/lb, or 0.02 mL/lb, which equates to 1 mL for every 50 lb of body weight. Pinch some loose skin from the back of the neck or "scruff" region (between the shoulder blades) between your thumb and forefinger. Already have a myVCA account? The recommended site for IM injections in dogs . In feedlot cattle, the respiratory form is most common. Its better to risk a short period of hypoglycemia than a prolonged period of hyperglycemia. Always ask your vet for more help if you're not comfortable administering injections and they will be happy to provide more training. Dog Restraint For Cephalic Blood Draw/IV Catheter, 18. Syringes, extensions sets, and direct lines for fluid bags can be used for SQ injections. 0000033570 00000 n For easier injections, grab some of that skin to make a skin tent.. The following may help you make your decision. This approach is known as a prime-boost strategy. You should be aware that some communities have strict rules about disposal of medical waste material so do not throw the needle and syringe into the trash until you know if this is permissible. In addition, the veterinarian can be sure an animal has received the appropriate dose of vaccine. ex) adult heart worm treatment in dogs-lumbar muscle, some vaccines in horses-neck or rear leg muscles, vaccines in cattle/pigs-neck muscles just distal to the ear. SHARES. SQ medications (non-irritating and water soluble) are deposited in the loose connective tissue just below the dermis. 1. 0000003707 00000 n If your pet is uncomfortable after an intramuscular injection, dont give it any more. Instead, choose multiple sites where your pet will not be bothered by the pain and discomfort. Generally, if you are unsure how much you injected, do not administer more unless directed by your veterinarian. A careful push of the plunger should remove the excess air. 5 40 Insert the needle swiftly into the fold of skin, with the needle angled downwards at a thirty- to forty-five-degree angle. Animal Welfare Education Tool to Create Syllabus for Animal Welfare Course (AVMA), 34. Certain proteins and other molecules of these invaders are known read more . Because the precise time of loss of maternal immunity cannot be predicted, young animals must usually be vaccinated multiple times to ensure successful immunization, and appropriate biosecurity measures should be used until immunity develops. | Veterinarian Approved Doctor Lindsay Butzer DVM 39.7K subscribers Subscribe 731 55K views 1 year ago Hey Guys, in this video I am. What are the benefits of giving your dog an IM? You should contact both your veterinarian and your doctor for advice. Injections are a common and important way we give medications to our patients. 0000031365 00000 n Terms in this set (11) What are the common IM . Injecting straight into the vein can be tough for nonprofessionals, especially with critters covered in fur. Want to create or adapt books like this? The trusted provider of veterinary information since 1955, Vaccine Failure and Other Adverse Events in Animals, Last review/revision Jul 2020 | Modified Nov 2022. Veterinary Clinical Skills Compendium Copyright by Susan Spence. Signs include tremors, ataxia, and weakness that progresses to paralysis. Neonatal animals are protected against disease caused by that specific pathogen while sufficient maternal antibodies are present. You should swab the area with an alcohol pad. 0000013654 00000 n Introduction-what exactly is a clinical skill? The link you have selected will take you to a third-party website. o [alopecia OR hair loss ], , BVMS, BSc, PhD, DSc (Hons), DACVM, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University. When you find the right spot, always clean it before the injection and clean the top of the bottle with the solution as well. Optional vaccines may include canine coronavirus, parainfluenza virus, Bordetella bronchiseptica, leptospirosis, and Lyme disease. These muscle tissues have less pain receptors and are ideal for viscous medications. I accidentally pricked myself while giving my pet an injection. <<54A8A36D2AFB98469FF27A33A8DBE940>]/Prev 458361>> Make sure the dog sees the syringe before giving it. SOP: INJECTIONS IN DOGS AND CATS I. Following intramuscular injection of methylprednisolone acetate, a prolonged systemic effect results. INTRAMUSCULAR USE OF ALFAXALONE IN CATS A PubMed search of "alfaxalone" and "intramuscular" produces over 200 hits with studies involving both cats and dogs, but also ranging from hedgehogs and ducks to bearded dragons and koalas. Dermatologic Lesion Documentation and Description, 51. 0000011041 00000 n Needles for these should be longer than those for subcutaneous ones, but if they are too long, they could harm tissue and nerves. Online Shop Software powered by 3DCart. %%EOF Injectable medications can be given intramuscularly, intravenously, or subcutaneously. The average intramuscular dose for dogs is 20 mg. . If youre unsure, contact the vet right away for a proper diagnosis and treatment. Additionally, a used needle can be painful for your dog. In fact, it can lead to infection. Intramuscular IM Injection Sites for Dogs and Cats. Reporting Animal Cruelty: The Role of the Veterinarian Manual (MN-Animal Folks), 26. Standard size needles recommended are 18 to 20-gauge needle from 1 to 1.5 inches long. If blood does flow back, a different injection site should be chosen. Intramuscular- within the muscle, different specific sites are indicated for SA, EQ, and FA! Another benefit of intramuscular injections is that the needle is much easier to handle than subcutaneous injections. Spraying of vaccines enables the vaccines to be inhaled by all the animals in a herd, group, or flockan obvious advantage when the unit is large. Make sure that the needle is sterile and is inserted into the muscle at an angle of about 45 degrees. 2.3k. Can this medication be given by this route? Good technique minimizes this but even so, many animals will react to the injection. The method of drug administration is called an intramuscular injection (IM),and it is commonly used, particularly when a rapid drug effect is desired. Dissection kit and huck towel pack (to simulate sterile sx pack), 31. Viral Infections Associated with Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex in Cattle, Overview of Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex. These muscle tissues have less pain receptors and are ideal for viscous medications. Also, it can help reduce the amount of time the drug remains in the muscle. In this lab, we will examine the epaxial muscles as an IM injection site. Intranasal vaccines, e.g. 0000001096 00000 n It is a worldwide problem that presents primarily as an acute respiratory read more. Dog Restraint for Lateral Saphenous Blood Draw/IV Catheter, 17. Canine & Feline IM Injections Learning motor skills, the basics (Evertoon), 2. o [ canine influenza] Epaxial (lumbodorsal) muscles are on either side of the lumbar vertebrae. the abdominal cavity (known as intraperitoneal injection) or thoracic cavity (known as intrapleural injection), the quadriceps (muscle on the front of the thigh), lumbodorsal muscles (muscles either side of the lumbar spine). Combination vaccines that save considerable time and effort are also commonly used in dogs and cats. Combinations usually involve priming with a DNA plasmid vaccine and boosting with either a vectored recombinant vaccine or with adjuvanted protein antigens. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Your email address will not be published. Some tips for giving your dog an IM injection: -Locate the injection site. trailer It is important to hold the syringe at an angle that prevents your hand from pressing the plunger too hard or you might accidentally inject the contents. If you decide to provide this treatment to your dog, your veterinarian will review the specific technique and make sure that you are comfortable with it. Single surgeon 4 quarter/corner drape, large paper drape, Ioban adhesive skin protector, 30. Felines intramuscular injections are mostly recommended to be administered in the quadricep or cranial thigh muscle; alternatively, the dorsal muscles along the spine are also suggested. 1|fU=lhT~=ie>K /7w/k$e}t}GKi^k,3I[L3Ig:MTZj%ZgFn+0&%onj2L&Lrk.mtw:Gj,;O*G/c.|W>]ig"nx v6if[nv'/eRfJ{BWO0#$M(K@Y ALWAYS look it up! The injections are given in the subcutaneous tissue (sub = under; cutaneous = skin), which is considerably looser in the dog than in the human. Can this medication be given to this species? Subcutaneous injections are administered at an angle of 45 degrees to 90 degrees, depending on the amount of subcutaneous tissue. Before administering the shot, make sure your dog is still awake and comfortable. Suturing model made from socks and T-shirt, 20.